core/process+cli: PTY hardening and config/log polish

Mark PTY master FD non-inheritable; run read_pty/close_pty via to_thread;
close_all PTY sessions on chat exit. Add --log-level; clearer invalid
TOML errors. Keep export/status free of provider secrets.

CLAUDE.md

@@ -116,15 +116,26 @@ Basedpyright `recommended`. Ruff includes `ANN` (private return types `ANN202` i
   - G2.5: Click slash registry (`cli/slash.py`) + `awaitlet` for sync Click / async memory; auto `/help`; completer from `slash.list_commands`
   - G3: multiline `"""` … `"""` input (`cli/input_text.py`); `/edit` via `$EDITOR` (`edit_text_in_editor`)
   - G4: `plyngent chat -p/--prompt` (+ non-TTY stdin); exit codes 0/1/2/3; `--yes` / non-interactive confirm deny; `--stream/--no-stream`, `--quiet`
+  - G5: PTY master FD non-inheritable; `read_pty`/`close_pty` via `to_thread`; `PtyManager.close_all()` on chat exit; `--log-level`; clearer invalid TOML errors; export/status stay secret-free
 
   **Planned**
 
-  - **G5 — Hardening**: tool timeouts/defaults review, config error clarity, cancel edges, optional `--log-level`, no secrets in status/export
   - **G6 — Docs**: real README, example TOML, CLAUDE/help accuracy
 
-  Milestone order: G5 → G6.
+  Milestone order: G6.
 
-- **Phase H**: multi-tenant platform (`router/`, auth, sandboxed tools, web).
+  **PTY / process model (decision)**
+
+  Today `PtyManager` (`tools/process/pty_session.py`) is **in-process**: `pty.openpty` + `os.fork` → child `execvp`, parent holds master FD; tools are **sync** and run on the asyncio loop thread (blocking `select`/`read`/`waitpid`). Session registry is process-global. Safe enough for single-user CLI if the child path stays fork-then-exec only.
+
+  | Question | Answer |
+  |----------|--------|
+  | Separate PTY supervisor process so the main app is safer with threads/greenlets? | **Not for Phase G.** Defer to **Phase H** (sandbox / multi-tenant) or if we hit real FD-leak / freeze bugs. |
+  | Why not now? | Fork-then-exec is already the right shape; rewrite cost (IPC, lifecycle, tests) dwarfs single-user CLI risk. awaitlet greenlets are slash-only; PTY is not forked from a worker thread today. |
+  | What *does* belong in G5 | (1) mark master (and ideally app) FDs non-inheritable before/after fork; (2) avoid unbounded loop block — `to_thread` or `add_reader` for long `read_pty`/`close`; (3) CLI exit / `finally`: `PtyManager.close_all()`; (4) keep `os.fork` on the loop/main thread — do not move `open` to a thread pool without redesign. |
+  | Phase H | Optional PTY helper process (JSON/Unix socket), or subprocess+PTY with asyncio reaping; sandboxed tools, multi-session isolation. |
+
+- **Phase H**: multi-tenant platform (`router/`, auth, sandboxed tools, web). Optional **out-of-process PTY host** if isolation is required.
 
 ## Commit messages
 

src/plyngent/cli/app.py

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import click
 import msgspec
 from platformdirs import user_data_path
 
+from plyngent import config as config_mod
 from plyngent.agent.loop import DEFAULT_MAX_ROUNDS
 from plyngent.cli.editor import (
     load_config_with_optional_edit,
@@ -34,7 +35,12 @@ _DEFAULT_DB_FILENAME = "chat.db"
 
 
 def _load_config(config_path: Path | None) -> ConfigStore:
+    try:
         return load_config_with_optional_edit(config_path)
+    except config_mod.ConfigFormatError as exc:
+        path = resolve_config_path(config_path)
+        msg = f"invalid config TOML ({path}): {exc}"
+        raise click.ClickException(msg) from exc
 
 
 def _database_config(store: ConfigStore, *, quiet: bool = False) -> DatabaseConfig:
@@ -208,12 +214,44 @@ async def _run_chat(
         return EXIT_OK
     finally:
         await memory.close()
+        from plyngent.tools.process.pty_session import PtyManager
+
+        PtyManager.close_all()
+
+
+def _configure_logging(level: str) -> None:
+    import logging
+
+    name = level.upper()
+    numeric = getattr(logging, name, None)
+    if not isinstance(numeric, int):
+        msg = f"invalid --log-level {level!r}"
+        raise click.ClickException(msg)
+    logging.basicConfig(
+        level=numeric,
+        format="%(levelname)s %(name)s: %(message)s",
+        stream=sys.stderr,
+        force=True,
+    )
+    # Avoid accidental secret leakage via HTTP libraries at DEBUG.
+    if numeric <= logging.DEBUG:
+        logging.getLogger("niquests").setLevel(logging.INFO)
+        logging.getLogger("urllib3").setLevel(logging.INFO)
 
 
 @click.group(context_settings={"help_option_names": ["-h", "--help"]})
 @click.version_option(package_name="plyngent")
-def main() -> None:
+@click.option(
+    "--log-level",
+    default="WARNING",
+    show_default=True,
+    help="Logging level for stderr (DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR).",
+)
+@click.pass_context
+def main(ctx: click.Context, log_level: str) -> None:
     """Plyngent — LLM chat and agent toolkit."""
+    _ = ctx
+    _configure_logging(log_level)
 
 
 @main.command("chat")

src/plyngent/cli/editor.py

@@ -148,7 +148,11 @@ def prompt_edit_config(path: Path, *, reason: str | None = None) -> bool:
 
 
 def load_config_with_optional_edit(config_path: Path | None) -> ConfigStore:
-    """Load config; if there are no providers and EDITOR is set, offer to edit and reload."""
+    """Load config; if there are no providers and EDITOR is set, offer to edit and reload.
+
+    Raises:
+        config_mod.ConfigFormatError: Invalid TOML (caller should surface path).
+    """
     path = resolve_config_path(config_path)
     store = config_mod.load(path)
     if store.providers:

src/plyngent/cli/export.py

@@ -35,7 +35,11 @@ def session_export_payload(
     updated_at: datetime | None,
     messages: Sequence[AnyChatMessage],
 ) -> dict[str, object]:
-    """Build a JSON-serializable dict for a session transcript."""
+    """Build a JSON-serializable dict for a session transcript.
+
+    Never includes provider tokens or config secrets — only session metadata
+    and chat messages from the DB.
+    """
     return {
         "session_id": sid,
         "name": name,

src/plyngent/tools/process/close_pty.py

@@ -1,12 +1,17 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import asyncio
+
 from plyngent.agent import tool
 
 from .pty_session import PtyManager, format_close_result
 
 
 @tool
-def close_pty(session_id: int) -> str:
-    """Close a PTY session (SIGTERM, then SIGKILL after a short grace period)."""
-    result = PtyManager.close(session_id)
+async def close_pty(session_id: int) -> str:
+    """Close a PTY session (SIGTERM, then SIGKILL after a short grace period).
+
+    Runs off the event loop so grace sleeps do not freeze the chat UI.
+    """
+    result = await asyncio.to_thread(PtyManager.close, session_id)
     return format_close_result(result)

src/plyngent/tools/process/pty_session.py

@@ -132,8 +132,11 @@ class PtyManager:
                     raise WorkspaceError(msg)
 
         master_fd, slave_fd = pty.openpty()
+        # Parent must not pass master into the child (or future children).
+        with contextlib.suppress(OSError, AttributeError):
+            os.set_inheritable(master_fd, False)  # noqa: FBT003 — stdlib API
         pid = os.fork()
-        if pid == 0:  # child
+        if pid == 0:  # child — keep path fork-then-exec only (no Python after exec fail except _exit)
             try:
                 os.close(master_fd)
                 _ = os.setsid()
@@ -150,6 +153,8 @@ class PtyManager:
             os._exit(127)
 
         os.close(slave_fd)
+        with contextlib.suppress(OSError, AttributeError):
+            os.set_inheritable(master_fd, False)  # noqa: FBT003 — stdlib API
         with cls._lock:
             session_id = cls._next_id
             cls._next_id += 1

src/plyngent/tools/process/read_pty.py

@@ -1,17 +1,22 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import asyncio
+
 from plyngent.agent import tool
 from plyngent.tools.workspace import WorkspaceError
 
 from .pty_session import DEFAULT_PTY_READ_BYTES, PtyManager, format_read_result
 
+# Cap per-call wait so a misbehaving tool arg cannot stall forever even off-loop.
+_MAX_READ_TIMEOUT = 120.0
+
 
 @tool
-def read_pty(
+async def read_pty(
     session_id: int,
     *,
     max_bytes: int = DEFAULT_PTY_READ_BYTES,
-    timeout: float = 2.0,
+    timeout: float = 2.0,  # noqa: ASYNC109 — PTY poll budget (seconds), not asyncio.timeout
     until: str | None = None,
 ) -> str:
     """Read PTY output with status.
@@ -23,12 +28,16 @@ def read_pty(
     With ``until``, polls until the substring appears, the process exits, the
     deadline elapses, or the session output budget is exhausted.
     Empty data with alive=true means nothing was ready (not necessarily EOF).
+
+    Blocking I/O runs in a worker thread so the asyncio loop stays responsive.
     """
+    wait = min(max(0.0, timeout), _MAX_READ_TIMEOUT)
     try:
-        result = PtyManager.read(
+        result = await asyncio.to_thread(
+            PtyManager.read,
             session_id,
             max_bytes=max_bytes,
-            timeout=timeout,
+            timeout=wait,
             until=until,
         )
     except WorkspaceError as exc:

tests/test_cli/test_app.py

@@ -21,3 +21,13 @@ def test_help() -> None:
     result = runner.invoke(main, ["--help"])
     assert result.exit_code == 0
     assert "chat" in result.output
+    assert "--log-level" in result.output
+
+
+def test_invalid_config_toml(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    bad = tmp_path / "bad.toml"
+    _ = bad.write_text("this is = not [ valid toml\n", encoding="utf-8")
+    runner = CliRunner()
+    result = runner.invoke(main, ["providers", "--config", str(bad)])
+    assert result.exit_code != 0
+    assert "invalid config" in result.output.lower() or "toml" in result.output.lower()

tests/test_tools/test_process.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-import time
+import asyncio
 from pathlib import Path
 
 from plyngent.tools.process import close_pty, open_pty, read_pty, run_command, write_pty
@@ -84,18 +84,18 @@ async def test_run_command_env(workspace: object) -> None:
     assert "from-env" in out
 
 
-def test_pty_open_read_close(workspace: object) -> None:
+async def test_pty_open_read_close(workspace: object) -> None:
     del workspace
     try:
         opened = call_sync(open_pty, ["sleep", "30"])
         assert "session_id=" in opened
         session_id = _session_id(opened)
-        data = call_sync(read_pty, session_id, timeout=0.05)
+        data = await call_async(read_pty, session_id, timeout=0.05)
         assert "alive=" in data
         assert "--- data ---" in data
-        closed = call_sync(close_pty, session_id)
+        closed = await call_async(close_pty, session_id)
         assert _field(closed, "closed") == "true"
-        assert "error" in call_sync(read_pty, session_id)
+        assert "error" in await call_async(read_pty, session_id)
     finally:
         PtyManager.close_all()
         set_command_denylist(None)
@@ -106,30 +106,30 @@ def test_pty_denied(workspace: object) -> None:
     assert "denied" in call_sync(open_pty, ["sudo", "ls"])
 
 
-def test_pty_echo_output(workspace: object) -> None:
+async def test_pty_echo_output(workspace: object) -> None:
     del workspace
     try:
         opened = call_sync(open_pty, ["/bin/echo", "hello-pty"])
         session_id = _session_id(opened)
-        text = call_sync(read_pty, session_id, timeout=2.0, until="hello-pty")
+        text = await call_async(read_pty, session_id, timeout=2.0, until="hello-pty")
         assert "hello-pty" in text
         assert _field(text, "matched") == "true"
-        closed = call_sync(close_pty, session_id)
+        closed = await call_async(close_pty, session_id)
         assert _field(closed, "closed") == "true"
     finally:
         PtyManager.close_all()
 
 
-def test_write_pty(workspace: object) -> None:
+async def test_write_pty(workspace: object) -> None:
     del workspace
     try:
         opened = call_sync(open_pty, ["cat"])
         session_id = _session_id(opened)
         written = call_sync(write_pty, session_id, "pty-input\n")
         assert "wrote=" in written
-        text = call_sync(read_pty, session_id, timeout=2.0, until="pty-input")
+        text = await call_async(read_pty, session_id, timeout=2.0, until="pty-input")
         assert "pty-input" in text
-        _ = call_sync(close_pty, session_id)
+        _ = await call_async(close_pty, session_id)
     finally:
         PtyManager.close_all()
 
@@ -139,15 +139,15 @@ def test_write_pty_unknown_session(workspace: object) -> None:
     assert "error" in call_sync(write_pty, 999_999, "x")
 
 
-def test_pty_exec_failure_surfaces(workspace: object) -> None:
+async def test_pty_exec_failure_surfaces(workspace: object) -> None:
     del workspace
     try:
         opened = call_sync(open_pty, ["definitely-not-a-real-binary-xyz"])
         session_id = _session_id(opened)
-        text = call_sync(read_pty, session_id, timeout=2.0)
+        text = await call_async(read_pty, session_id, timeout=2.0)
         # marker and/or dead process with 127
         assert "plyngent-pty-exec-failed" in text or _field(text, "alive") == "false"
-        closed = call_sync(close_pty, session_id)
+        closed = await call_async(close_pty, session_id)
         # exit 127 is conventional for exec failure
         exit_code = _field(closed, "exit_code")
         assert exit_code in {"127", "-9", ""} or exit_code.startswith("-")
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ def test_pty_session_limit_continue(workspace: object) -> None:
         PtyManager.set_limit_continue_hook(None)
 
 
-def test_pty_output_budget(workspace: object) -> None:
+async def test_pty_output_budget(workspace: object) -> None:
     del workspace
     previous = PtyManager.session_output_budget
     try:
@@ -200,22 +200,22 @@ def test_pty_output_budget(workspace: object) -> None:
         budget_hit = False
         last = ""
         for _ in range(20):
-            last = call_sync(read_pty, session_id, timeout=0.5, max_bytes=32)
+            last = await call_async(read_pty, session_id, timeout=0.5, max_bytes=32)
             if _field(last, "budget_exhausted") == "true":
                 budget_hit = True
                 break
             if _field(last, "alive") == "false":
                 break
-            time.sleep(0.05)
+            await asyncio.sleep(0.05)
         assert budget_hit or "x" in last
-        _ = call_sync(close_pty, session_id)
+        _ = await call_async(close_pty, session_id)
     finally:
         PtyManager.close_all()
         PtyManager.configure(session_output_budget=previous)
         PtyManager.set_limit_continue_hook(None)
 
 
-def test_pty_output_budget_is_per_session(workspace: object) -> None:
+async def test_pty_output_budget_is_per_session(workspace: object) -> None:
     del workspace
     previous = PtyManager.session_output_budget
     try:
@@ -230,14 +230,28 @@ def test_pty_output_budget_is_per_session(workspace: object) -> None:
         before = session.output_budget
         # Force budget exhaustion path by setting bytes_read high.
         session.bytes_read = session.output_budget
-        _ = call_sync(read_pty, session_id, timeout=0.1)
+        _ = await call_async(read_pty, session_id, timeout=0.1)
         session2 = PtyManager.get(session_id)
         assert session2 is not None
         assert session2.output_budget > before
         # Raising is per-session; class default for new sessions stays put.
         assert PtyManager.session_output_budget == class_budget
-        _ = call_sync(close_pty, session_id)
+        _ = await call_async(close_pty, session_id)
     finally:
         PtyManager.close_all()
         PtyManager.configure(session_output_budget=previous)
         PtyManager.set_limit_continue_hook(None)
+
+
+def test_pty_master_not_inheritable(workspace: object) -> None:
+    del workspace
+    import os
+
+    try:
+        opened = call_sync(open_pty, ["sleep", "5"])
+        session_id = _session_id(opened)
+        session = PtyManager.get(session_id)
+        assert session is not None
+        assert os.get_inheritable(session.master_fd) is False
+    finally:
+        PtyManager.close_all()